From the net: How DNS Works (Domain Name System)?

 

From the article:

The Domain Name System (DNS) translates human-readable domain names (like example.com) into IP addresses that computers use to communicate. It’s often described as the “phone book” or “directory” of the internet. 

At a high level, a DNS lookup involves your device asking a resolver to find the IP address for a domain, the resolver querying a hierarchy of DNS servers (root, TLD, authoritative), and then returning the answer, which is cached for performance.

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